![]() ![]() Issues with the drainage angle cause a group of eye diseases called glaucoma. It’s found between the cornea and iris, where the iris and sclera meet. The eye’s drainage angle is where the aqueous humor (clear liquid inside the front portion of the eye) is funneled out from the eye to maintain proper intraocular pressure. Problems with the iris include iritis, or inflammation of the iris that causes light sensitivity, headache, eye pain and decreased vision. That muscle reflex is why you notice your pupils are small in bright sunlight and large in low-lit environments. The muscle of the iris adjusts the circular opening (pupil) to regulate how much light is directed onto the retina. The iris is the pigmented section of your eye that controls how dilated your pupil is at any given moment due to the pupillary light reflex. Other common issues with the cornea include corneal ulcers, abrasions and keratitis. Vision correction procedures, such as LASIK, reshape the cornea to improve vision. A mishappen cornea is the reason people have trouble seeing objects clearly and is the cause of nearsightedness, farsightedness and astigmatism. The cornea is a clear, dome-shaped structure in the front of your eye that helps focus incoming light onto the retina. Conjunctival injury, such as overexposure to the sun, a foreign body in the eye, infection or allergic reaction can lead to a gritty or burning feeling, blurry vision and dry eye symptoms. Eye problems with the conjunctiva include conjunctivitis (commonly known as pink eye). It provides lubrication and protection by creating the mucus layer of the tear film and stops microbes from entering the eye. The conjunctiva is the clear tissue that coats the sclera and the inside of the eyelids. Scleral problems are rare but may include scleritis (inflammation of the sclera). The sclera is a tough structure that stops debris from penetrating or rupturing the eye. The white section of the eye supports the wall of the eyeball, helping it keep its round shape and preventing injury. Any disruption in tear creation, ratio or drainage can cause problems such as dry eye disease. ![]() These layers work together to protect your eyes and drain through the tear duct. The lacrimal glands above each eyeball under the outer edge of the eyebrow produce the aqueous (water) layer, while conjunctival goblet cells create and spread the mucin (mucous) tear layer. The meibomian glands on the inside of the upper and lower eyelids secrete the lipid (oil) layer of your tears. The tear film covering your eye’s surface is made of a delicate balance of mucous, water and oil. Some issues that may occur with these muscles include blepharospasm (uncontrollable blinking), strabismus (crossed eyes) and ptosis (drooping eyelid). The levator palpebrae superioris is the triangular muscle inside the upper eyelid that allows for blinking. These muscles allow your eye to move upward, downward and side to side, and to rotate. Six extraocular muscles attach to the eye’s sclera (white portion). Learn about the function of these critical components of your eye. Our adventure into the eye’s anatomy starts in the extraocular muscles and journeys inward. If you’re experiencing vision changes, eye pain or other eye-related concerns, schedule an eye exam with our board-certified ophthalmologists, Dr. Understanding your condition begins with knowing the various parts that comprise the human eye, and how an issue with any one of those parts can affect the other structures. The experienced ophthalmologists at Elman Retina Group in Rosedale believe in patient education. ![]()
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